Protein
Essential for muscle development and maintenance. Dogs need a minimum of 18% protein for adults, 22% for puppies.
Sources: Chicken, beef, fish, eggs
Dog Nutrition Guide 2025
Proper nutrition is the foundation of your dog's health and longevity. With so many food options available — from kibble to raw to homemade — choosing the right diet can feel overwhelming. This comprehensive guide breaks down everything you need to know about feeding your dog at every life stage.
⚖️
56%
of US dogs are overweight
🍖
2-3%
body weight fed daily
🧪
25+
essential nutrients required
🦴
10-15%
healthy treat allowance
Understanding Dog Nutrition
Dogs are omnivores with a carnivorous bias. While they can digest some plant material, they thrive on high-protein diets with meat as the primary ingredient. The best diet for your dog depends on their age, size, activity level, and individual health needs.
Diet Types for Dogs
Choose the right diet based on your dog's needs, your lifestyle, and budget.
🥣
Dry Kibble
The most common dog food. Learn about quality kibble, ingredients to look for, and feeding guidelines.
Learn more →🥩
Raw Diet (BARF)
Raw feeding: benefits, risks, and how to do it safely. Is raw right for your dog?
Learn more →🌾
Grain-Free Dog Food
Is grain-free right for your dog? Understand the FDA DCM investigation and make an informed choice.
Learn more →👨🍳
Homemade Dog Food
Cook for your dog safely. Recipes, supplements, and nutritional requirements.
Learn more →🥫
Wet/Canned Dog Food
The pros and cons of wet food. When to use it and how to choose quality canned food.
Learn more →Nutrition by Life Stage
Nutritional needs change throughout your dog's life. Here's what to know for each stage.
Essential Nutrients for Dogs
Fats
Provide concentrated energy and support skin/coat health. Should make up 5-15% of the diet.
Sources: Fish oil, chicken fat, flaxseed
Carbohydrates
While not essential, they provide fiber and energy. Quality matters — whole grains are better than fillers.
Sources: Sweet potato, brown rice, oats
Omega-3 & Omega-6
Essential fatty acids for brain health, coat quality, and reducing inflammation.
Sources: Salmon oil, fish, flaxseed
⚠️Foods to NEVER Feed Your Dog
Chocolate
Contains theobromine which is toxic to dogs. Dark chocolate is most dangerous.
Grapes & Raisins
Can cause acute kidney failure even in small amounts.
Onions & Garlic
Damage red blood cells and can cause anemia.
Xylitol
Artificial sweetener that causes rapid insulin release and liver failure.
Macadamia Nuts
Cause weakness, vomiting, and hyperthermia in dogs.
💡Pro Feeding Tips
✓
Feed at consistent times each day — most adult dogs do well with 2 meals
✓
Use measuring cups or a scale for accurate portions
✓
Adjust portions based on body condition, not just package guidelines
✓
Provide fresh water at all times
✓
Slow down fast eaters with puzzle feeders or slow-feed bowls
✓
Transition to new foods gradually over 7-10 days to avoid digestive upset
Frequently Asked Questions About Dog Nutrition
How much should I feed my dog?▼
Start with package guidelines based on your dog's weight, then adjust. A healthy dog should have a visible waist when viewed from above, and you should be able to feel (but not see) their ribs. Active dogs need more calories; sedentary dogs need fewer.
Is grain-free dog food better?▼
Not necessarily. The FDA is investigating a potential link between grain-free diets and heart disease (DCM). Most dogs digest grains well, and they are not a common allergen. Unless your vet recommends grain-free for a specific reason, grain-inclusive diets are generally safer.
Can I mix wet and dry dog food?▼
Yes! Many dogs benefit from a combination. Wet food adds hydration and palatability, while dry food is convenient and may help with dental health. Just count the total calories from both to avoid overfeeding.
How do I know if my dog has a food allergy?▼
Common signs include itchy skin, ear infections, and digestive issues. The only reliable way to diagnose food allergies is an elimination diet trial under veterinary supervision — blood and hair tests are not accurate for food allergies.
Need Help With Your Dog's Diet?
Use our free tools to check food safety and get personalized nutrition advice for your dog.